GRAMMAR, PLAINLY.
ВРЕМЕНА → PRESENT PERFECT · ПРАВИЛО 06

Present Perfect

Действие было в прошлом, а результат — сейчас. Когда именно это случилось, неважно: важен результат.

ФОРМУЛА
have / has + V3
ОДНАЖДЫ
she lost her key
СЕЙЧАС
she has no key
ТРИ ФОРМЫ
+
She has lost her key.
have / has + V3
I haven't seen this film.
haven't + V3
?
Have you ever been to Rome?
Have + подлежащее + V3
Без даты и точного времени. Как только говоришь yesterday — переключайся на Past Simple: I lost it yesterday.
ТРИ СЛУЧАЯ
результат виден сейчасI have lost my key — ключа нет!
жизненный опытShe has been to Japan.
just · already · yetHe has just left.
V3 — ТРЕТЬЯ ФОРМА
go → gone
see → seen
do → done
be → been
take → taken
write → written
eat → eaten
break → broken
СЛОВА-ПОДСКАЗКИjustalreadyyeteverneversincefor
ЧАСТЫЕ ОШИБКИ
I have seen him yesterday.→ I saw him yesterday.есть слово времени → Past Simple
Have you saw it?→ Have you seen it?have + V3
She has went home.→ She has gone home.went = V2, gone = V3