TENSES → PRESENT PERFECT · RULE 06
Present Perfect
A past action with a result now. When exactly it happened is not important — the result is.
FORMULA
have / has + V3
SOME DAY
✕
she lost her key
NOW
she has no key
THE THREE FORMS
+
She has lost her key.
have / has + V3
−
I haven't seen this film.
haven't + V3
?
Have you ever been to Rome?
Have + subject + V3
No date, no exact time. The moment you say yesterday — switch to Past Simple: I lost it yesterday.
THREE USES
a result you see nowI have lost my key — no key!
life experienceShe has been to Japan.
just · already · yetHe has just left.
V3 — THE THIRD FORM
go → gone
see → seen
do → done
be → been
take → taken
write → written
eat → eaten
break → broken
SIGNAL WORDSjustalreadyyeteverneversincefor
COMMON MISTAKES